This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1836 Excerpt: ...been the first cause of the formation of Fen Bog, the channel of North Dale Beck having been dammed up, till in the progress of time so raised as again to enable the stream to regain its former course, though upon a higher level. i In Middle Dale there has been at some time an immense mass of cliff and land detached from Killingnoble Scar, and precipitated into the vale below.--The upper part of the rising ground forming the middle distance in the view of this dale, is formed of this "avalanche." The rocks, as they were hurled from their native cliff centuries ago, still lie en masse prostrate at its foot, with their stratifications perpendicular to the plane of the horizon, and presenting a singular and interesting spectacle. In several of the cuttings for the railway in the higher part of the Dale, trees were met with standing in their natural position, and but little altered in substance. In the lower part of the valley several trunks of trees were found that were quite black, apparently from the effects of fire. Some heaps of scoriae were also met with in the cuttings in the South Dale--shewing that iron has at some period been smelted here. On the summit of the hills, forming from the line of railway the apparent southern and easterly boundary of the middle and lower division of North Dale, is an extensive tract of table land, at the easterly extremity of which rises another range of hills, similar in form and general character to those which immediately close in the Dale on the east. Of the upper part of these hills occasional glimpses are caught from several parts of the line. On arriving at Raindale Mill, a small valley is seen running up to the moors on the right, and about half a mile beyond, there is on the same side a more considerable... . START DOWNLOAD